THE IDEA OF SPIRITS AND GODS I.--Difference between a soul and a spirit--The souls of the mythical ancestors are spirits, having determined functions-- Relations between the ancestral spirit, the individual soul and the individual totem--Explanation of this latter--Its sociological significance 273 II.--Spirits and magic 281 III.--The civilizing heroes 283 IV.--The great gods--Their origin--Their relations with the totemic system--Their tribal and international character 285 V.--Unity of the totemic system 295